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Comparative Political Studies
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Does Proportional Representation Foster Closer Congruence Between Citizens and Policy Makers?

André Blais

Université de Montréal, Canada

Marc André Bodet

Université de Montréal, Canada

This article assesses the claim that proportional representation (PR) fosters a closer correspondence between the views of citizens and the positions of the government. The study uses the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems data set and compares respondents’ self-placements on a Left-Right scale with placements of cabinet parties’ locations in 31 election studies. The authors argue that PR has two contradictory consequences. On one hand, PR leads to more parties and more choice for voters; but these parties are less centrist, and this increases the overall distance between voters and parties. On the other hand, PR increases the likelihood of coalition governments; this pulls the government toward the center of the policy spectrum and reduces the distance between the government and voters. These two contradictory effects of PR wash out, and the net overall impact of PR on congruence is nil. The data support the authors’ interpretation.

Key Words: electoral system • congruence • proportional representation

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 39, No. 10, 1243-1262 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0010414005284374
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G. Bingham Powell Jr
The Ideological Congruence Controversy: The Impact of Alternative Measures, Data, and Time Periods on the Effects of Election Rules
Comparative Political Studies, December 1, 2009; 42(12): 1475 - 1497.
[Abstract] [PDF]